APSIM successfully reproduced aboveground dry matters and, for wheat only, grain yields in pure cultures. We calibrated the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) for pure cultures of wheat and faba bean using data from Dutch field trials, and determined the phenological parameters to simulate pure cultures and intercrops from seven field experiments across Europe. However, currently no existing crop growth model has been calibrated and tested for cereal-legume intercrops throughout Europea. Crop growth models can facilitate the understanding and prediction of the interactions between plant traits, crop configuration and management. Designing intercropping systems requires the integration of plant species trait selection with choice of crop configuration and management. Cereal-legume intercropping can increase yields, reduce fertilizer input and improve soil quality compared with pure culture.
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